ECONOMYNEXT – Flexible inflation targeting restored policy credibility in India by providing a clear nominal anchor, while strong household savings continue to insulate the economy from global financial shocks, former Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Deputy Governor Michael Patra said.
Speaking on the Central Bank of Sri Lanka’s ‘Open Mic’ program on the sidelines of the bank’s 75th anniversary, Patra said India transitioned to flexible inflation targeting in 2016 after earlier regimes created public confusion.
“There have been regimes in India monetary policy regimes before inflation targeting which were assigned paramount importance to inflation, but what they probably lacked was a nominal anchor,” Patra said.
He noted that latecomers to inflation targeting had the advantage of cherry-picking proven global practices, adding that India studied the experiences of 42 countries to build its framework. The mechanism has maintained stability through recent external shocks while keeping public inflation expectations firmly anchored near the 4 percent target.
Patra noted that high accountability, clear communications, and operational dedication enabled the framework’s success, even during rare breach periods where the central bank had to explain lapses formally.
Addressing the broader macroeconomy, Patra highlighted that domestic households serve as the main lenders fueling national capital formation, reducing reliance on volatile foreign capital.
“Our investment rate is 34 percent of GDP fixed investment rate. Of that, 33 percent comes from household savings and only 1 percent comes from abroad,” Patra said.
Sri Lanka too formally adopted a flexible inflation targeting framework under the new Central Bank of Sri Lanka Act No. 16 of 2023, setting an official inflation target of 5.0 percent with a tolerance band of +/- 2 percentage points (a range of 3.0 percent to 7.0 percent).
Earlier in July, the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) launched a public consultation survey to gather feedback on the country’s inflation target and related parameters, in line with its mandatory review under the Act.
Sri Lanka’s headline inflation reached 7.3 percent in July – breaching the upper tolerance limit of 7 percent set by the CBSL – up from 6.8 percent recorded in June. Prior to the second quarter of 2026, Sri Lanka’s inflation levels trended below the 5 percent target for eight consecutive quarters, between the second quarter of 2024 and the first quarter of 2026.
Some analysts have pointed out that Sri Lanka must lower it’s inflation target to around 2.0 percent with a tolerance band of +/- 2 percentage points in-order to restrain the agency from delaying rate hikes amidst an excess liquidity build-up seen in February and March of this year as a result of aggressive foreign reserve building to hit IMF Quantitative Performance Criteria (QPCs). (Colombo/Aug17/2026)